Comparison between the effectiveness of topical Latanoprost and topical Minoxidil in treating Scalp Alopecia Areata in relation to CD8 cell expression: A study using clinical, dermoscopic, and immunohistochemical methods

Fatma M. Abd Allah; Rabie B.  Atta-Allah; Salah El-din  S. Semari; Osama M. El shahat

doi:10.35192/jjoas-n.v17i1.1807

Fatma M. Abd Allah 1Histology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Rabie B. Atta-Allah Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Damietta faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University.
Salah El-din S. Semari Pathology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
Osama M. El shahat Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Department, Damietta faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35192/jjoas-n.v17i1.1807

Abstract

Background: Non-scarring hair loss on the scalp or any other hair-bearing surface is the hallmark of the autoimmune disease alopecia areata (AA). Numerous approaches have been used to treat this illness, but the degree and length of the condition determine how successful the treatments are.

Aim of the study: we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical Latanoprost versus topical Minoxidil in treating patchy alopecia areata.

Patients and methods: Thirty individuals with alopecia areata were randomly divided into two groups: Group A (15 patients) received topical latanoprost 1%, and Group B (15 patients) received topical minoxidil 5%., dermoscopic imaging; and a punch biopsy was taken and processed for histopathological, immunohistochemical study as well as the patient satisfaction degree to evaluate therapeutic response.

Results: Both treatment modalities demonstrated a significant enhancement in all dermoscopic findings linked to alopecia areata before and after therapy, with group B demonstrating a much higher efficacy than group A. In both treatment groups, immunohistochemically stained sections revealed a negative immunoreaction for CD8 T lymphocytes, indicating a reduction in inflammatory lymphocytic infiltration. Erythema and Itching were the insignificant side effects of both treatment regimens.

Conclusion: Topical minoxidil or latanoprost is beneficial in promoting hair regrowth in AA patients.

Keywords: Alopecia Areata; Minoxidil; Latanoprost; Dermoscopic; Microscopic.